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src="/data/ueditor/dialogs/attachment/fileTypeImages/icon_doc.gif"/><a style="font-size:12px; color:#0066cc;" href="/data/upload/file/20181224/1545639889141459.doc" title="全国生态?；ぁ笆濉惫婊?doc">全国生态?；ぁ笆濉惫婊?doc</a></p><p style="line-height: 16px;"><br/></p><p style="line-height: 16px;"><br/></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:21px;font-family:黑体;color:black">附件</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:33px;font-family:'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif';color:black">全国生态保护“十三五”规划纲要</span><span style="font-size: 16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:21px;font-family:楷体;color:black"> 环境?；げ?/span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:21px;font-family:楷体;color:black"> 二〇一六年十月<br clear="all"/> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:宋体;color:black"><br clear="all"/> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:29px;font-family:黑体;color:black">目</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:29px;font-family:黑体;color:black">录</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:黑体;color:windowtext">一、全国生态?；せ拘问?/span></span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:黑体;color:black">.................................</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">5</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">（一）工作进展</span></span><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">.......................................</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">5</span></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">（二）主要问题</span></span><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">.......................................</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">7</span></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">（三）机遇与挑战</span></span><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">.....................................</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">8</span></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><strong><span style="font-size:21px;font-family:黑体;color:windowtext">二、指导思想和主要目标</span></strong></span><strong><span style="font-size:21px;font-family:黑体;color:black">..........................</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:21px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">9</span></strong></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">（一）指导思想</span></span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">.......................................</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">9</span></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">（二）基本原则</span></span><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">.......................................</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">9</span></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">（三）主要目标</span></span><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">......................................</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">10</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><strong><span style="font-size:21px;font-family:黑体;color:windowtext">三、主要任务</span></strong></span><strong><span style="font-size:21px;font-family:黑体;color:black">...................................</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:21px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">11</span></strong></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">（一）建立生态空间保障体系</span></span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">..........................</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">11</span></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">（二）强化生态质量及生物多样性提升体系</span></span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">..............</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">13</span></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">（三）建设生态安全监测预警及评估体系</span></span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">................</span><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">15</span></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">（四）完善生态文明示范建设体系</span></span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">......................</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">16</span></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><strong><span style="font-size:21px;font-family:黑体;color:windowtext">四、保障措施</span></strong></span><strong><span style="font-size:21px;font-family:黑体;color:black">...................................</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:21px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">17</span></strong></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">（一）完善法律法规</span></span><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">..................................</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">17</span></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">（二）健全体制机制</span></span><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">..................................</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">18</span></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">（三）强化科技支撑</span></span><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">..................................</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">18</span></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">（四）推动共同?；?/span></span><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">..................................</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:windowtext">18</span></span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black"><br clear="all"/> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:宋体;color:black"><br clear="all"/></span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black"> 为贯彻落实《国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划纲要》，现</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">制定《全国生态?；ぁ笆濉惫婊僖罚ㄒ韵录虺啤豆婊僖罚?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">《规划纲要》依据环保部门生态?；さ闹澳芏ㄎ?，提出“十三五”</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">时期全国生态?；すぷ鞯闹傅妓枷牒椭饕勘?，明确重点工作和任</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">务措施，指导各级环保部门开展自然生态?；すぷ?。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:黑体;color:black">一、全国生态?；せ拘问?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black"> “十二五”时期，各级环保部门积极贯彻落实党中央、国务院</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">关于生态?；すぷ鞯囊幌盗兄卮缶霾卟渴?，加大生态?；ちΧ?，在</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">示范引领、系统?；?、综合监管等方面取得积极进展，部分重点保</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">护物种种群数量稳中有升。但总体上，我国生态恶化趋势尚未得到</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">根本扭转，生态?；び肟⒔ㄉ杌疃拿芤廊煌怀?，生态安全形</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">势依然严峻。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:楷体;color:black">（一）工作进展</span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">一是生态文明示范建设带动效应明显。</span></strong></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black"> 全国</span><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span></strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">16</span><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span></strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">个省份开展了生</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">态省建设，92 个市、县（区）获得国家生态建设示范区命名，126</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">个地区开展了生态文明建设试点工作，示范带动效果明显。编制《全</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">国生态文明建设目标体系》，积极推动生态示范建设提档升级，制定</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">《国家生态文明建设示范区管理规程（试行）》和《国家生态文明建</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">设示范县、市指标（试行）》。组织开展首届中国生态文明奖的评选，</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">建立奖励机制，带动社会共建。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">二是生态功能?；せ〗徊胶皇?。</span></strong></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black"> 完成全国生态环境变化调</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">查与评估（2000-2010 年），印发实施《全国生态功能区划（修编版）》。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">制定实施《生态?；ず煜呋际踔改稀?，在江苏、海南、湖北、江</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">西、重庆、沈阳等地开展划定和管控试点，天津、江苏发布实施生</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">态?；ず煜??？瓜赜蛏肪持柿科拦揽己耍谥厍?、海南、陕</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">西、宁夏等地开展重点生态功能区环境?；と坦芾硎缘悖贫?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">优化国家重点生态功能区转移支付政策。在全国 25 个省份开展 45</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">个流域生态健康评估试点。联合国家旅游局组织开展国家生态旅游</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">示范区建设，确定了北京市南宫旅游景区等 72 个国家生态旅游示范</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">区。指导浙江省仙居县、开化县开展国家公园建设试点，配合发展</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">改革委指导北京、青海等 9 个?。ㄊ校┛故缘愎ぷ鳌Ｇ炕蟛?/span><span style="font-size: 16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">源开发生态?；び爰喙埽共糠值湫偷厍８械鞑楹推拦?。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">三是自然保护区综合监管得到加强。</span></strong></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black"> 全国已建立各类自然?；?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">区 2740 个（国家自然?；で?428 个），约占陆地国土面积的 14.8%，</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">超过 90%的陆地自然生态系统类型、89%的国家重点?；ひ吧参?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">种类得到?；?。规范和完善自然?；で偷髡钠郎笾贫?，联</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">合九部门印发《关于进一步加强涉及自然?；で⒔ㄉ杌疃喽?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">管理的通知》。完成 400 多处国家自然?；で佬且８屑嗖?，查处</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">一批涉及自然?；で奈シɑ疃?。推动中俄自然保护区的跨界合作。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">四是生物多样性?；ぞ霾哂胪平平徊酵晟?。</span></strong></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black"> 成立中国生</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">物多样性?；す椅被?，发布实施《中国生物多样性?；ふ铰杂?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">行动计划（2011-2030 年）》（以下简称《战略与行动计划》），启动“联</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">合国生物多样性十年中国行动（2011-2020）”（以下简称十年中国行</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">动），启动生物多样性?；ぶ卮蠊こ?。完成 32 个陆地生物多样性保</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">护优先区域边界核定，发布“中国生物多样性红色名录</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:黑体;color:black">——</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">高等植</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">物卷和脊椎动物卷”?；平镆糯试椿袢∮牖菀娣窒砹⒎ê?/span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">生物安全管理工作。不断深化国际交流与合作，积极履行《生物多</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">样性公约》及其《卡塔赫纳生物安全议定书》等国际公约。多数省</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">份建立了生物多样性?；ば骰?，编制发布了省级生物多样性保</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">护战略与行动计划。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:楷体;color:black">（二）主要问题</span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">现阶段，我国面临的主要生态问题有：</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">一是生态空间遭受持续威胁。</span></strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">城镇化、工业化、基础设施建设、</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">农业开垦等开发建设活动占用生态空间；生态空间破碎化加剧，交</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">通基础设施建设、河流水电水资源开发和工矿开发建设，直接割裂</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">生物生境的整体性和连通性；生态破坏事件时有发生。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">二是生态系统质量和服务功能低。</span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">低质量生态系统分布广，森</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">林、灌丛、草地生态系统质量为低差等级的面积比例分别高达 43.7%、</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">60.3%</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">、68.2%。全国土壤侵蚀、土地沙化等问题突出，城镇地区生</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">态产品供给不足，绿地面积小而散，水系人工化严重，生态系统缓</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">解城市热岛效应、净化空气的作用十分有限。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">三是生物多样性加速下降的总体趋势尚未得到有效遏制。</span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">资源</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">过度利用、工程建设以及气候变化影响物种生存和生物资源可持续利用。我国高等植物的受威胁比例达 11%，特有高等植物受威胁比例高达 65.4%，脊椎动物受威胁比例达 21.4%；遗传资源丧失和流失严重，60%-70%的野生稻分布点已经消失；外来入侵物种危害严重，常年大面积发生危害的超过 100 种。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">同时，环保部门在履行指导、协调、监督生态?；すぷ髦霸鹗?，还存在以下体制机制和管理上的突出问题：</span><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 20px; font-family: 仿宋; color: black;">一是统一监管的管理体制不健全。</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">目前仍按生态要素分别设置</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">生态?；す芾砘?，难以对生态系统实施整体性保护。由于权责一</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">致的统一管理体制和协调联动机制尚未建立，未能实现所有者和监</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">管者分离以及一件事情由一个部门负责，直接影响生态保护效果。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">二是全社会共同监督的机制尚未建立。</span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">部分地方领导干部保</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">护生态环境的意识较为薄弱，还未牢固树立尊重自然、顺应自然、</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">保护自然的理念。社会公众参与生态保护和监管的机制有待健</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">全，企业生态?；ず图喙茉鹑位共幻魅?，部分地方环保部门履行</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">生态监管职能时只能单打独斗、被动应对。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">三是监督管理的基础能力薄弱。</span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">尚未建立统一的生态监测监控</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">网络，难以准确监测我国重要生态区域生态状况，不能及时主动发</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">现重大生态破坏行为。大部分县级环保部门没有设置独立的生态保</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">护科室，难以开展常态化监管。市县环保部门生态?；と嗽倍游楹?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">装备严重不足，导致执法力量薄弱。生态保护科技支撑不够，生态</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">大数据集成应用尚待发挥作用，生态?；し煞ü婧捅曜继逑瞪行?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">完善。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:楷体;color:black">（三）机遇与挑战</span></strong><span style="font-size: 16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black"> “十三五”期间，我国生态?；っ媪僦卮蠡觯阂皇堑车氖?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">大以来，习近平总书记对建设生态文明和加强环境?；ぬ岢鲆幌盗?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">新理念新思想新战略，为生态?；ぬ峁┝丝蒲Ю砺壑傅己托卸改?。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">二是党中央、国务院对生态文明建设作出一系列重大战略决策和部</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">署，把推动绿色发展、提供更多优质生态产品作为重要任务，明确</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">要求加大生态环境?；ちΧ?，为生态?；すぷ髦该鞣较?。三是生态</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">文明体制改革各项任务和措施陆续出台并加快推进，生态?；ず图喙芴逯平徊嚼硭?，生态空间用途管制将全面实施，生态环境监测网络将加快建立，生态统一监管能力将明显提高，为我国生态?；すぷ骱皇祷?。四是各地生态环境?；ひ馐恫欢显銮?，“绿水青山就是金山银山”已成为各级党政领导干部的共识，全社会保护生态环境的合力正在形成。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">同时，我国生态?；ひ裁媪偬粽剑阂皇蔷梅⒄褂肷；ぶ涞拿芤廊淮嬖?，传统发展方式带来的资源环境约束日益趋紧，生态环境风险逐步凸显。二是人民群众对优质生态产品需求不断增加与现有供给能力不足之间的矛盾日益明显。三是生物多样性丧失速度短期内难以根本遏制，国际履约压力不断加大。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:黑体;color:black">二、指导思想和主要目标</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 楷体;color:black">（一）指导思想</span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">全面贯彻落实党中央、国务院关于生态文明建设总体部署和要求，</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">深入贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神，牢固树立和贯彻落实创新、</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，按照山水林田湖系统?；さ囊?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">求，以改善环境质量为核心，以维护国家生态安全为目标，以保障生</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">态空间、提升生态质量、改善生态功能为主线，大力推进生态文明建</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">设，强化生态监管，完善制度体系，推动补齐生态产品供给不足短板，</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">为全面建成小康社会、建设美丽中国做出更大贡献。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:楷体;color:black">（二）基本原则</span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">基于环保部门生态保护的职责定位，“十三五”时期，自然生态</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">保护必须遵循以下原则：<br clear="all"/> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:黑体;color:black">——</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">把生态系统整体?；ぷ魑纠砟睢?/span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">按照山水林田湖系统</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">?；さ囊螅胶Ｍ吵?、上下联动，打破要素、区域界限，对各类</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">生态系统实施统一?；ず图喙?，增强生态?；さ南低承?、协同性。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:黑体;color:black">——</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">把保障国家生态安全作为根本目标。</span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">严格落实生态空间管</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">控，划定并严守生态?；ず煜撸忧孔匀槐；で喽焦芾?，保护最</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">重要的生态空间，推动形成以“两屏三带”为主体的生态安全格局，</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">建设生态安全屏障。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:黑体;color:black">——</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">把加强生物多样性?；ぷ魑ぷ髦飨?。</span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">?；ず涂沙中?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">生物多样性，推动生物遗传资源惠益分享，以生物多样性保护优先</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">区域为重点，完善保护网络，强化生物物种和遗传资源保护能力，</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">构建生物多样性保护体系。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:黑体;color:black">——</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">把加强生态统一监管作为主要手段。</span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">建立全面、严格、及</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">时、有效的监管体系，是加强生态保护统一监管的重要基础。建设</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">“天地一体化”的监测体系和综合监管平台，及时发现和查处生态</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">破坏行为，由被动核查变为主动发现，提高生态?；さ木富托?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">息化水平。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 黑体;color:black">——</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">把生态文明示范建设作为主要载体。</span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">积极参与生态文明体</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">制改革，推动体制机制向有利于统一监管的方向改变。发挥生态文</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">明建设示范区和环境保护模范城创建工作的平台作用，有机融合生</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">态?；さ闹饕挝窈椭氐愎ぷ?，创新?；つＪ剑岣呤痉缎в?，激</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">发保护活力。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:楷体;color:black">（</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: 楷体;">三）主要目标</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: 仿宋;">到</span><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: 宋体;"> </span><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: 仿宋;">2020</span><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: 宋体;"> </span><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: 仿宋;">年，生态空间得到保障，生态质量有所提升，生态功能</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">有所增强，生物多样性下降速度得到遏制，生态保护统一监管水平明显提高，生态文明建设示范取得成效，国家生态安全得到保障，与全面建成小康社会相适应。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">具体工作目标：全面划定生态?；ず煜?，管控要求得到落实，国家生态安全格局总体形成；自然?；で季指雍侠?，管护能力和?；に匠中嵘?，新建 30-50 个国家自然?；で瓿?200</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">个国家自然?；で娣痘ㄉ瑁匀槐；で婊悸降毓撩婊谋壤衷?14.8%左右（包括列入国家公园试点的区域）；完成生物多样性保护优先区域本底调查与评估，建立生物多样性观测网络，加大?；ちΧ龋抑氐惚；の镏趾偷湫蜕低忱嘈捅；ぢ蚀锏?95%；生态监测数据库和监管平台基本建成；体现生态文明要求的体制机制得到健全；推动 60-100 个生态文明建设示范区和一批环境?；つ７冻谴唇ǎ拿鹘ㄉ枋痉缎вγ飨?。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:黑体;color:black">三、主要任务</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">“十三五”时期，紧紧围绕保障国家生态安全的根本目标，优</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">先?；ぷ匀簧占?，实施生物多样性?；ぶ卮蠊こ蹋⒓喙茉?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">警体系，加大生态文明示范建设力度，推动提升生态系统稳定性和</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">生态服务功能，筑牢生态安全屏障。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:楷体;color:black">（一）建立生态空间保障体系</span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">1.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">加快划定生态保护红线。</span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">制定发布《关于划定并严守生态保</span><span style="font-size: 16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">护红线的若干意见》。按照自上而下和自下而上相结合的原则，各省</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">（区、市）在科学评估的基础上划定生态保护红线，并落地到水流、</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">森林、山岭、草原、湿地、滩涂、海洋、荒漠、冰川等生态空间。</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">2017</span><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">年底前，京津冀区域、长江经济带沿线各省（区、市）划定生</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">态?；ず煜?；2018 年底前，各?。ㄇ?、市）全面划定生态?；ず煜撸?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">2020</span><span style="font-size: 20px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">年底前，各?。ㄇ?、市）完成勘界定标。在各省(区、市)生态</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">保护红线的基础上，环境保护部会同相关部门汇总形成全国生态保</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">护红线，向国务院报告，并向社会公开发布。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">2.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">推动建立和完善生态?；ず煜吖芸卮胧?。</span></strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">到</span><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span></strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">2020</span><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span></strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">年，基本建</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">立生态?；ず煜咧贫?。推动将生态保护红线作为建立国土空间规划</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">体系的基础。各地组织开展现状调查，建立生态?；ず煜咛ㄕ讼低?，</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">识别受损生态系统类型和分布。制定实施生态系统保护与修复方案，</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">选择水源涵养和生物多样性保护为主导功能的生态?；ず煜?，开展</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">一批?；び胄薷词痉?。定期组织开展生态保护红线评价，及时掌握</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">全国、重点区域、县域生态保护红线生态功能状况及动态变化。推</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">动建立和完善生态?；ず煜卟钩セ啤?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">3.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">加强自然?；で喽焦芾?。</span></strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">制定《全国自然?；で⒄构婊?016-2025 年）》?？棺匀槐；で死嗷疃８屑嗖?，国家自然?；で磕暌８屑嗖?2 次，省级自然?；で磕暌８屑嗖?1 次，重点区域加大监测频次，定期发布监测报告?？棺匀槐；で肪潮；ぷ纯銎拦馈Ｇ炕喽街捶?，定期组织自然?；でㄏ钪捶觳?，严肃查处违法违规活动，加强问责监督。优化自然保护区布局，以重要河湖、海洋、草原生态系统及水生生物、小种群物种的?；た杖弊魑氐?，推进新建一批自然?；で忧可鹊?、保护小区和自然?；で航ㄉ瑁?2020 年，全国自然保护区面积占陆地国土面积的比例维持在 14.8%左右（包括列入国家公园试点的区域）。</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">提高自然保护区管理水平，强化自然?；で芑つ芰ㄉ瑁晟谱?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">然?；で段Ш凸δ芮缦藓俗家约翱苯缌⒈旯ぷ鳎平匀槐；?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">区开展综合科考和本底调查。2020 年前完成 200 个国家自然?；?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">区规范化建设。推动自然?；で恋厝啡ê陀猛竟苤啤Ｍ贫⒆?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">然?；で布喽皆敝贫取Ｓ胁街璧囟跃幼≡谧匀槐；で诵那?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">缓冲区的居民实施生态移民。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">4.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">加强重点生态功能区?；び牍芾怼?/span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">重点生态功能区是我国生</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">态空间的集中分布地区，要积极协调相关部门推动重大生态?；び?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">修复工程优先在重点生态功能区布局，不断扩大生态空间。加强重</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">点生态功能区县域生态功能状况评价，推动制定实施重点生态功能</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">区产业准入负面清单，强化生态空间用途管制。推动协调相关部门</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">和地区针对目前人为活动影响较小、生态良好的重点生态功能区，</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">特别是大江大河源头及上游地区，加大自然植被?；ちΧ龋蒲Э?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">展生态退化区恢复与治理，继续实施防沙治沙和水土流失综合治理。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">以主要的山脉、江河、海岸带等防护林体系为脉络，构建形成大尺</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">度国家生态廊道，提高生态保护区域的。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: 楷体;">（二）强化生态质量及生物多样性提升体系</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><strong><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: 仿宋;">1.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: 仿宋;">实施生物多样性?；ぶ卮蠊こ?。</span></strong><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: 仿宋;">以生物多样性?；び畔惹?/span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: 仿宋;">为重点，开展生物多样性调查和评估，彻底摸清我国生物多样性家</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: 仿宋;">底。加强就地?；ず颓ǖ乇；?，完善?；ね缣逑?，确保国家战略</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: 仿宋;">性生物资源得到较好保存。恢复生物多样性受破坏的区域，开展生</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: 仿宋;">物多样性?；び爰跗妒痉?，促进西部生物多样性丰富地区传统产业</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">转型升级和脱贫。加强生物多样性监管基础能力建设，全面提升各</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">级政府生物多样性?；び牍芾硭?。协调有关部门落实工程所需资</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">金，组织有关部门实施好重大工程，推进实施《战略与行动计划》</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">和“十年中国行动”。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">2.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">加强生物遗传资源保护与生物安全管理。</span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">加强生物遗传资源</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">?；び牍芾?，建立生物遗传资源及相关传统知识获取与惠益分享制</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">度；规范生物遗传资源采集、保存、交换、合作研究和开发利用活</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">动，加强出境监管，防止生物遗传资源流失。强化生物安全管理，</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">开展转基因生物环境释放风险评估、跟踪监测和环境影响研究；加</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">强环保用微生物菌剂环境安全监管。积极防治外来物种入侵，开展</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">外来入侵物种调查和生态影响评价，加强入侵机理、扩散途径、应</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">对措施和开发利用途径研究，建立监测预警及风险管理机制，探索</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">推进生物安全和外来入侵物种管理制度化进程。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">3.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">推进生物多样性国际合作与履约。</span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">组织协调相关部门，共同</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">履行好《生物多样性公约》及其《卡塔赫纳生物安全议定书》《名古屋遗传资源议定书》等国际公约，以国内工作支撑完成履约责任。积极参与 “ 生物多样性与生态系统服务政府间科学 - 政策平台（IPBES）”的相关工作。做好 2020 年《生物多样性公约》第 15 次</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">缔约方大会（COP15）的申办和筹备工作。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">4.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">扩大生态产品供给。</span></strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">丰富生态产品，优化生态服务空间配置，</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">提升生态公共服务供给能力。加大城市生态保护力度，推动城市生</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">态建设与空间布局优化，提升城市生态服务能力。推动加大风景名</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">胜区、森林公园、湿地公园等?；ちΧ?，适度开发公众休闲、旅游</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">观光、生态康养服务和产品，加快城乡绿道、郊野公园等城乡生态</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">基础设施建设。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:楷体;color:black">（三）建设生态安全监测预警及评估体系</span></strong></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">1.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">建立“天地一体化”的生态监测体系。</span></strong><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">加强卫星和无人机航空</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">遥感技术应用，提高生态遥感监测能力。建立生物多样性地面观测体</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">系，到 2020 年新建、改建或扩建 50 个陆地生物多样性综合观测站，</span><span style="font-size: 16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">建成 800 个以上生物多样性观测样区。建设一批相对固定的生态保护</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">红线监控点。优先在长江经济带、京津冀地区建立观测站和观测样区。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">2.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">定期开展生态状况评估。</span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">加强年度重点区域生态环境质量状况评价和五年生态环境状况调查评价。2016 年启动 2010-2015 全国生态状况调查与评估，2020 年完成“十三五”时期全国生态状况调查与评估，形成全国生态状况定期评估机制。全面开展生态?；ず煜?、重点生态功能区、重点流域及城市生态评估，系统掌握生态系统质量和功能变化状况。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">研究建立生态系统和生物多样性预警体系，开发预警模型和技术，对生态系统变化、物种灭绝风险、人类干扰等进行预警。推动建立统一的监测预警评估信息发布机制。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">开展县域生态资源资产评估试点。推动将生态状况评估结果应用于产业布局、土地利用、生态环境保护、城乡建设等规划编制，并作为生态补偿、领导干部政绩考核、生态环境损害责任追究、自然资源资产离任审计等生态监管制度的重要参考。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">3.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">建立全国生态?；ぜ嗫仄教?。</span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">建立生态保护综合监控平台，</span><span style="font-size: 16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">对生态?；ず煜摺⒆匀槐；で?、重点生态功能区、生物多样性保护<br clear="all"/> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">优先区域等的开发建设活动实施常态化和业务化监控，实现由被动</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">监管转为主动监管、应急监管转为日常监管、分散监管转为系统监</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">管。2016 年，启动以自然保护区为重点的监管平台建设，作为全国</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">生态保护监控平台一期工程；各?。ㄇ?、市）应依托全国生态?；?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">监控平台，加强能力建设，建立本行政区监管体系，实施分层级监</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">管。2018 年，完成生态保护红线监管平台建设，作为全国生态保护</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">监控平台二期工程。加强生态监管信息化建设，充分运用大数据、</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">互联网、遥感、物联网等技术手段，集成建立国家生态?；ず蜕?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">多样性数据库，并纳入生态环境大数据系统。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">4.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">加强开发建设活动生态?；ぜ喙堋?/span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">以“生态?；ず煜摺⒒肪?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">质量底线、资源利用上线和环境准入负面清单”为手段，强化空间、</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">总量、准入环境管理。发挥战略环评和规划环评事前预防作用，减</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">少开发建设活动对生态空间的挤占，合理避让生态环境敏感和脆弱</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">区域。强化矿产资源开发规划环评，优化矿产资源开发布局，推动</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">历史遗留矿山生态修复。合理确定和布局大坝建设，加强调度监管，</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">有效保障较低生态需水量；加强生态设施建设，科学合理开展水生</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">生物增殖放流。合理布局旅游基础设施建设，基于生态承载力确定</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">游客数量。推动交通设施建设合理避让生态环境敏感区域，加强生</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">物廊道建设，减少生态阻隔；加强交通设施建成后的生态恢复和运</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">营期的管理。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 楷体;color:black">（四）完善生态文明示范建设体系</span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">1.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">创建一批生态文明建设示范区和环境?；つ７冻?。</span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">深入实施</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">生态省战略，以市、县为重点，分类指导，梯次推进，广泛开展生</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">态文明建设示范区创建，提高示范区建设的规范化和制度化水平，</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">到 2020 年，创建 60-100 个生态文明建设示范区。修订《国家环境</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">?；つ７冻鞘写唇ㄓ牍芾砉ぷ靼旆ā泛汀豆一肪潮；つ７冻鞘锌?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">核指标》，加强创建计划性和区域平衡性，强化分级管理和过程监管，</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">加快审议命名 2016 年前通过考核验收的城市。生态文明建设示范区</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">和环境保护模范城创建要加强统筹整合，并全面对接国家生态文明</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">试验区建设标准,打造成国家生态文明试验区制度成果的转化载体。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">2.</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">持续提升生态文明示范建设水平。</span></strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">编制生态文明建设示范区</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 仿宋;color:black">和环保模范城创建指南，指导各地生态文明建设实践。加强创建与</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">环保重点工作的协调联动，改革完善创建评估验收机制。强化后续</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">监督与管理，开展成效评估和经验总结，宣传推广现有的可复制、</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">可借鉴的创建模式。充实专家队伍，建立专家委员会。继续开展中</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">国生态文明奖评选表彰，充分发挥典型示范引领作用，广泛凝聚全</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">社会力量。开展生态文明建设理论及实践研究，协助推动建立生态</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">文明建设目标评价考核机制。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:黑体;color:black">四、保障措施</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family: 楷体;color:black">（一）完善法律法规</span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">加快推动出台《生物遗传资源获取与惠益分享管理条例》，开展</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">《自然?；で趵泛笃拦?，推进制定自然?；で?，研究生态保</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">护红线立法。加强相关立法协调，在自然资源法律法规修订时，推</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">动将生态保护要求纳入相关条文。抓紧出台实施《自然?；で死?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">活动遥感监测与核查规定》,加快完善生态?；は喙氐钠拦?、监管、</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">执法的标准规范体系。<br clear="all"/> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Arial','sans-serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:宋体;color:black"><br clear="all"/></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:楷体;color:black">（二）健全体制机制</span></strong><span style="font-size: 16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">充分发挥中国生物多样性?；す椅被帷⒐易匀槐；で?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">评审委员会、生物物种资源?；げ考柿岬纫延谢破教ǖ男?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">作用，推动制定和实施跨部门生态?；ふ叽胧飨喙夭棵偶?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">大生态?；ね度?。加快建立上下联动、沟通顺畅的各级环保部门联</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">系机制?；斡牍蚁喙氐奶逯苹聘母?，推动理顺相应机构与</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">职责设置?？构夜疤逯蒲芯考笆缘闶痉?，探索建立国家公园</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">行政管理体制。推动建立健全国土空间开发与?；ぶ贫?，以及生态</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">环境损害评估和赔偿、生态?；げ钩サ戎贫?。支持各地建立生态保</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">护补偿机制。</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:楷体;color:black">（三）强化科技支撑</span></strong><span style="font-size: 16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">加强生态?；せ⊙芯亢涂萍脊ス兀晟粕鞑槠拦?、监测</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">预警、风险防范等管理技术体系。重点开展生物多样性科学规律与</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">生物安全支撑技术、生态修复技术、生态系统监测评价等关键技术</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">的研究，推动加大生态?；た萍枷喙刈ㄏ钪С至Χ取＜忧抗士萍?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">合作与交流，积极引进国外先进生态保护理念、管理经验及技术手</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">段，健全完善国内协调机制。</span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;"><strong><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:楷体;color:black">（四）推动共同?；?/span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">依托生物多样性日、环境日等活动平台，加大生态保护宣传教</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">育力度，加强政策解读，扩大?；す彩?，调动全社会参与生态?；?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">的积极性和主动性。加强政府、企业、公众生态保护培训，建设中</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">小学环境教育社会实践基地，提高全社会特别是领导干部的生态保</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:19px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">护责任意识。依托环境?；ば挛欧⒉贾贫龋浞掷谩?2369”环保</span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">举报热线等平台，加大生态环境信息公开力度，定期发布生态?；?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">信息，保障公众生态?；ぶ槿ê图喽饺ā７⒒由缁嶙橹囊?、</span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">监督作用，强化企业?；ど闹魈逶鹑危纬扇缁峁餐斡肷?/span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:20px;font-family:仿宋;color:black">态?；さ暮狭?。<br clear="all"/> </span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:宋体;color:black"> </span></p><p><br/></p></div> <div 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